For years, experts have predicted that quantum computing could eventually break today’s encryption, but the timeline for these threats was thought to be several decades away.

Don't the bitconners say something like this too? FUCKING DERP

Lol, bitcon hodlers are shitting bricks right now.

For the first time ever researchers finally admit that they've cracked RSA and AES data encryption some time ago.

Here's the thing: our "benevolent government" is decades ahead of what we believe is cutting edge technology. If they're talking about quantum computing theory, they already are doing it.

Since the government is infiltrated by jews, citizens are the enemy and thus targets. Any electronic currency is already compromised. A population can not use any electronic currency and expect it to be safe.

The only safe currency is a tangible currency. In fact, by now, the ability to synthesize gold is possible using accelerators. Of course, the claim is the cost of doing this is too high. Maybe yes, maybe no.

With this scenario, for the first time in human history, gold can now experience inflation. Of course, you have to believe we know our history. The jews will synthesize gold the same way they do fiat currency and we'll be right back where we are now.

Just like real life, locks are only deterrents, not solutions. We live in a world where it's only possible to delay access, not prevent it.

I asked ChatGPT to describe the technology:

What is the base technology behind D-wave's technology to implement quantum computing?

D-Wave Systems uses a type of quantum computing known as Quantum Annealing to implement its quantum computers. The base technology behind D-Wave's quantum computing system revolves around quantum annealing and its use of quantum bits (qubits) , which are the fundamental units of information in quantum computers.

Key Concepts Behind D-Wave’s Quantum Annealing Technology:

1. Quantum Annealing :

   • Quantum annealing is a specialized form of quantum computation that focuses on finding the global minimum of a given optimization problem. It uses quantum mechanics to explore different configurations of a problem in parallel and converge toward the most optimal solution.
   • This technique is particularly useful for solving complex optimization problems, like those found in areas such as machine learning, logistics, and financial modeling.

2. Qubits :

   • D-Wave uses superconducting qubits , which are tiny loops of superconducting material that exhibit quantum mechanical properties like superposition and entanglement.
   • These qubits can exist in multiple states simultaneously (superposition) and can be entangled with other qubits, allowing quantum computers to explore multiple solutions to a problem at once.

3. Adiabatic Quantum Computing :

   • D-Wave’s system is based on adiabatic quantum computing , which uses the gradual evolution of a quantum system from an initial state to a final state. The idea is to start with a system in an easily solvable state and slowly change it to minimize the energy of the system, which corresponds to the solution to the optimization problem.
   • During the annealing process, quantum tunneling can help the system overcome barriers between different configurations, allowing it to find the global minimum more efficiently than classical methods.

4. Chimera and Pegasus Graphs :

   • D-Wave’s qubits are arranged in a graph structure that connects them in specific ways to enable quantum annealing. These graphs are called Chimera and Pegasus (in newer systems).
   • The connectivity between qubits in the graph enables the system to solve complex optimization problems by ensuring that the qubits are connected in a way that allows them to exchange information during the annealing process.

5. Quantum Advantage in Optimization :

   • D-Wave's technology is aimed at providing a quantum advantage in optimization problems where classical computers struggle. The quantum annealing process can, in theory, solve certain optimization problems faster than classical computers by leveraging quantum effects like superposition and tunneling.

D-Wave's Approach to Quantum Computing:

• Quantum Annealer vs. Gate-based Quantum Computers :
  • D-Wave's quantum computers are often compared to gate-based quantum computers (like those from IBM, Google, and others), which use quantum gates to manipulate qubits directly to perform a series of calculations.
  • Unlike gate-based systems, which aim for universal quantum computing, D-Wave's quantum annealers are optimized for specific types of optimization problems and are not general-purpose quantum computers.

Key Takeaway:

D-Wave’s technology is based on quantum annealing with superconducting qubits arranged in a specific connectivity graph. This specialized approach is designed to solve optimization problems, with applications in areas like machine learning, finance, and logistics, though it is not intended for general-purpose quantum computation.

Me: How are quantum states retrieved?

Quantum states are retrieved, or measured, through the process of quantum measurement , which involves interacting with a quantum system in such a way that it collapses from a superposition of multiple possible states into one definite state. Here's how the process works:

1. Quantum Superposition :

• In quantum mechanics, a quantum system (such as a qubit) can exist in a superposition of states, meaning it can simultaneously represent multiple possible outcomes. For example, a qubit can be in a superposition of both the |0⟩ state and the |1⟩ state.
• Before measurement, the system is described by a quantum wave function that encodes all possible states it could collapse into.

2. The Role of Measurement :

• When a quantum system is measured, the superposition "collapses" into one of the possible states. The act of measurement forces the system to choose one of the many possible outcomes, and the wave function collapses to that specific state.
• The outcome is probabilistic. For instance, if a qubit is in a superposition of |0⟩ and |1⟩, upon measurement, it will collapse to |0⟩ with a certain probability (e.g., 50%) and to |1⟩ with the complementary probability (e.g., 50%).

3. Quantum Measurement Process :

• Interaction with the environment : Measuring a quantum state typically involves interacting with the system in a way that entangles the quantum system with a macroscopic measuring device (often a detector).
• Collapse of the wave function : This interaction causes the quantum system to collapse to one of the possible eigenstates of the operator corresponding to the observable being measured. For example, measuring a qubit will yield either a 0 or a 1, depending on the state of the qubit when measured.

4. Types of Quantum Measurements :

• Projective Measurement : This is the most common type of quantum measurement, where the quantum state is projected onto a specific state corresponding to the measurement outcome.
• Quantum Non-Demolition (QND) Measurement : In some cases, quantum measurements can be performed without disturbing the state too much, allowing for repeated measurements without collapsing the system too severely.

5. Decoherence and the Measurement Problem :

• The process of measuring a quantum state involves decoherence , where the quantum system interacts with its environment, and the system effectively "loses" its quantum coherence. This leads to the collapse of the superposition into a classical outcome.
• The measurement problem in quantum mechanics is the philosophical and interpretational issue of how and why measurement causes this collapse. Various interpretations of quantum mechanics (like the Copenhagen interpretation, Many-Worlds, etc.) offer different explanations of the measurement process.

6. Practical Retrieval of Quantum States :

• In a quantum computer, retrieving quantum states typically involves measuring the qubits at the end of a quantum algorithm to extract the final result.
• This is often done by performing a projective measurement in the computational basis (|0⟩ and |1⟩). If more precision or information is needed, quantum states can sometimes be measured in a different basis (such as the Hadamard or Pauli basis).

7. Quantum State Tomography :

• In certain situations, especially when trying to understand or extract more information from a quantum system, quantum state tomography can be used. This process involves performing multiple measurements on the same quantum state, typically in different bases, to reconstruct the full quantum state of the system.

Summary of Key Points:

• Measurement forces a quantum system out of its superposition, collapsing it into a definite state.
• The outcome of measurement is probabilistic, based on the probabilities encoded in the wave function.
• Different measurement methods, like projective measurement or quantum state tomography , can be used to retrieve quantum states depending on the situation.

Me:What physical hardware is used for measurement?

The physical hardware used for measurement in quantum computing depends on the specific type of quantum system (such as qubits) and the method of quantum computation being used (e.g., superconducting qubits, trapped ions, or photons). However, in all cases, measurement hardware plays a crucial role in collapsing quantum states and retrieving information. Below are some of the physical hardware components and techniques used to measure quantum states in different quantum computing platforms:

1. Superconducting Qubits (e.g., D-Wave, IBM, Google)

• Josephson Junctions : Superconducting qubits are typically based on Josephson junctions , which are non-linear inductive elements made from superconducting materials. These junctions allow qubits to exist in superposition states and enable the quantum operations required for computation.
• SQUIDs (Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices) : To measure the state of a superconducting qubit, a common technique is to use a SQUID . These are extremely sensitive magnetometers that detect the tiny changes in magnetic flux caused by the qubit’s state. A measurement is typically made by coupling the qubit to a resonator and then detecting the resulting microwave signal.
• Readout Resonators : Superconducting qubits are often coupled to readout resonators (microwave cavities) that enable measurement. When a qubit interacts with a resonator, the resulting shift in the resonance frequency of the cavity indicates the qubit's state. This information is detected via microwave reflectometry or cavity measurement techniques.
• Single Photon Detectors : In some cases, measurements are made using single-photon detectors that detect the photons emitted by the qubit during its transition from a superposition state to a definite state.

2. Trapped Ions (e.g., Honeywell, IonQ)

• Laser Beams : In trapped-ion quantum computers, qubits are represented by ions suspended in electromagnetic traps. These ions are manipulated and measured using laser beams . When a laser is applied, it can excite the ion to a higher energy state or induce fluorescence (emission of light). The ion’s state can be determined by detecting the emitted fluorescence.
• Photodetectors : Photodetectors (such as single-photon detectors) are used to measure the fluorescence from the ion. The presence or absence of fluorescence indicates the ion's state, providing information about the qubit's value.
• Electrostatic Traps : The ions are trapped in an electromagnetic field that confines them in space. These traps are critical for both the manipulation and measurement of the quantum states of the ions.

3. Photonic Quantum Computers (e.g., Xanadu, PsiQuantum)

• Beam Splitters : In photonic quantum computers, information is encoded in the quantum states of photons. To measure these states, devices like beam splitters and phase shifters are used to manipulate the photons, followed by detectors to measure their properties (such as polarization, phase, or number).
• Single-Photon Detectors : These detectors, such as avalanche photodiodes (APDs) or transition edge sensors (TES) , are used to detect the arrival of individual photons and measure their properties. The state of the photonic qubits is often determined by measuring the number of photons or their polarization.
• Homodyne and Heterodyne Detection : These techniques are used to measure the continuous-variable quantum states (like position and momentum of a photon) by interfering the signal with a reference beam and detecting the resulting output.

4. Topological Qubits (e.g., Microsoft’s StationQ)

• Majorana Fermions : Topological qubits are based on exotic particles called Majorana fermions , which are theorized to exist in certain condensed matter systems. These particles, if realized, are less prone to decoherence. Measurement of these qubits would likely involve probing the quantum state of the system through techniques that detect changes in the particle’s topological properties.
• Quantum Point Contacts and Tunneling Spectroscopy : Methods like tunneling spectroscopy, where electrons are passed through a quantum point contact and the resulting current is measured, could be used to detect the states of topological qubits.

5. Measurement Techniques in General

• Quantum Non-Demolition (QND) Measurement : Some systems can perform measurements that do not destroy the quantum state (or at least minimally disturb it). These measurements are useful for observing certain properties of the system repeatedly without collapsing it entirely.
• Quantum State Tomography : To fully reconstruct the quantum state of a system, measurements can be performed in multiple bases, and the results are used to estimate the state vector or density matrix of the qubits. This requires a combination of different hardware setups to manipulate the system and obtain the full information.

Summary of Measurement Hardware:

• Superconducting Qubits : SQUIDs, microwave resonators, single photon detectors.
• Trapped Ions : Laser beams, photodetectors, electrostatic traps.
• Photonic Qubits : Beam splitters, single-photon detectors, homodyne/heterodyne detection.
• Topological Qubits : Majorana fermions, tunneling spectroscopy, quantum point contacts.

Each quantum computing platform uses a combination of these measurement tools to extract information from quantum states. The measurement hardware is specifically designed to interact with the quantum system in a way that reveals the state of the qubits while minimizing disturbance to the system, though some level of disturbance is inevitable due to the nature of quantum measurement.

Haven't read the article yet but this was expected, and paves the way for HPC modernization in addition to QC/PQC proliferation. We're already seeing interest in full homomorphic encryption (FHE), but it's simply not leverageable in some industries yet