Nope, some nobody wrote a crazy book. Then came the internet. Pretty interesting really.
Unsurprisingly it is listed under Soviet active measures against the US - though it lacks citation here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_measures#Against_the_United_States
I'd be surprised if they weren't involved in some way. Interestingly a majority of the Russian populace believe it was faked:
https://www.rt.com/news/444790-russia-check-americans-moon-landing/
My guess is you're right. Like interfering in elections, espionage, etc. it's in their best interests to stir disharmony. So, yes, likely now that is the case, but at the time, had they had any legitimate proof against the moon landings, it would've been a massive worldwide scandal. That didn't happen.
The key with disinfo though is not whether it is legitimate but to sow doubt in the enemy target. It'd be very unlikely the Soviets would have wanted to openly put their asses on the line. Intelligence operations with bullshit is much safer. Of course the underlying point is there was no validity to the conspiracy theory.
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