The biggest challenge is going to build a shield for all these deadly cosmic rays. Unless you build a spacecraft with 3 meters thick lead walls.
That's solvable with EMF generators, really, really powerful EMF generators strong enough to mimic the earth's magnetosphere.
That's the theory. In practice it would take a huge amount of energy to generate a field that can block cosmic radiations. And we'd have to do the same on the Moon and Mars.
The energy requirement is vastly lessened if you wrap small conductive coils all around the shell of your life support area and generate a cumulatively-strong electromagnetic field that directs particles towards two poles which you can place anywhere with respect to the direction of travel. So instead of blocking cosmic rays with a huge EM field you redirect them ever so slightly using a much much smaller EM field.
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