Not just Linux devices. All network devices have a MAC address. Look on your phone, your Wi-Fi router, your cable modem. Some can indeed be changed - for privacy or for piracy.
This is true, however MAC addresses are already commonly known as uniquely identifying. Lesser known is the machine-id.
Security, privacy and anonymity focused operating systems like Tails-OS randomize this value upon every reboot whereas commonly used distributions (that we've tested) like Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint and random forks do NOT. I've not tested the CentOS/RHEL line, *BSD or Arch distros, but anything with systemd I believe will have a unique machine-id.
If you're the type of person who'd want to change or randomize your MAC address, then you'd likely want to change your machine-id too.
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