anoeses: consciousness that is pure passive receptiveness without understanding or intellectual organization of the materials presented anoetic: Not subject to conscious attention; having an indefinite, relatively passive, conscious being; characteristic of the “fringe” or “margin” of consciousness. Dunning-Kruger effect: a type of cognitive bias in which people believe they are smarter and more capable than they are. a lack of Metacognition: refers to the ability to step back and look at one's behavior and abilities from outside of oneself. Malignant narcissism is a psychological disorder in which a person has an inflated sense of self-worth, a need for admiration, and a disregard for others. Impulsivity: Nigg et al. defined impulsivity as a rash response in situations where considerate response is more appropriate (6). According to Patton et al. there are three factors contributing to impulsivity: acting on the spur of moment (motor activation), not focusing on the task at hand (inattentiveness) , and not planning and thinking carefully (non-planning) (7). Nigg JT, Silk KR, Stavro G, Miller T. Disinhibition and borderline personality disorder. Dev Psychopathol. 2005;17(4):1129–49.