Roman cement lasts thousands of years, versus ours which lasts 50-100 years if you are lucky. I think it has something to do with volcanic ash and taking longer to cure.
I was reading something a year or so ago that they think they 'finally' think they know why it not only lasts so long but can also cure in water. Details were more or less withheld. Not saying they had some "magic" or something like that. Just that the modern people either cant handle what/how it works because "my feels and odd ingredient" or "this will destroy profits for entire industries for hundreds of years at best".
I am leaning toward option number 2.
No doubt in my mind it's number two.
Now, look into the now data supported theory that the amazon is intentionally mad made and that there is a type of extremely nutrient dense soil (Terra Preta) that was created (7k years ago) to allow for it to thrive. And we apparently have no idea how to replicate it. There are some processes that we use today that can get similar results but like roman concrete we still cant get it quite right.
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