Look into derivatives. If you really care, look into the private central banking cartel which runs the world, via control of the global economy.

Market "crashes" are orchestrated events, not accidents. Look at who causes them, and how they gain from it.

All money in the world has been lent out by a private bank, at interest. That means there is more debt in the world than there is actual money to pay it back. The end result is easy to work out.

(long position, variation 1) “synthetic shares” = long in-the-money puts and long out-of-the-money calls

There are many variations.

Do not do this unless you know exactly what you are doing.

And you don’t.

Else, you wouldn’t be asking.

Never invest without a fallback strategy, worst-case outcome that you can live with.