tbh it's almost impossible to be realistically competent here It's a mess, look at 2008 and the derivatives debacle for instance https://youtu.be/xbiDrzTd8fE?t=67 Look at all the cronyism, look at the so called fundamentals which mean nothing anymore due to market distortion, look at high frequency trading, and don't start me on all the rookies straight out of school getting into it thinking they know, and then theory vs reality How do you know? You don't You can merely pretend you do at one point in time over one particular segment yes, otherwise it's science of chaos, it's fubar everyday, it's make believe So what do you do? You buy back when it fails, bailout, with funny money, you print, you all do that in a coordinated manner with all central banks and the IMF. You do that until you no longer can