>for arranged marriage by her father. I dont think we ever established that. I really think that *arranged* marriage was rare except in the upper classes, at least in northwest europe. Marriages approved by the father, yes. Arranged, no. These are two different things. According to some of those sources I quoted earlier, marriages that were not approved of might take place if the engaged were over a certain age, 21 I think. So approved marriages were encouraged, but not required. In Canterbury anyways.