This should be easy to test. Two identical pieces of metal, one painted white and one painted black heated to the same temperature. The black one should cool 4 times faster than the white one.
I'd guess that if it wasn't hot enough to burn the paint off, the cooling would mainly be by convection and conduction.
I mean in a vacuum. The vacuum part is the difficult part at home.
They sell gadgets at auto parts stores to evacuate AC systems with a water hose, or you could make one yourself, but then the hard part would be to heat them up as the vacuum gadget takes awhile.
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