The statistics are staggering. More than 400,000 migrant children have crossed the US border without their parents since 2003.
And each time a new wave arrive, political controversy follows.
The numbers are on the rise again, with some children arriving who are as young or 6 or 7. This increase is sparking fierce debate in Washington.
Why have so many kids made this journey? And what happens to them once they reach the United States?
Here are some of the key things to know.
Some parents make the journey with their children, but families don't cross the border with them.
Some parents started sending children alone across the border once they realized the US government was sending families back to Mexico but not kids traveling alone.
Children who cross the border alone are first held in Customs and Border Protection custody, then transferred to shelters run by the Department of Health and Human Services, where they're held until they're released to sponsors in the United States.
Department of Homeland Security statistics show that the vast majority of children who've come alone to the United States from Central America -- and other regions that don't neighbor the United States -- are still here.
Of the 290,000 children in this group who crossed the border without a parent since 2014, only 4.3% were returned to their home countries, and 28% were granted protection by US courts.
What about the others? As of December 2020, 68% of their cases remained unresolved -- 16% had been ordered to leave, but hadn't been deported, and the other 52% of children also remained in the US.
So why are we seeing another surge of unaccompanied minors crossing the border now? Because of a big change the Biden administration made.
Officials recently ended the policy that was put in place during the pandemic. That policy allowed the US government to deny entry to children who came to the border due to public health concerns.
The Biden administration has opened the border to unaccompanied minors.
Department of Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas said this week the Biden administration has ended the practice of expelling minors.
That means children who've crossed the border alone will stay in the United States.
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