If you knew anything about King John of the Plantagenet dynasty (who inspired the story of Robin Hood), you'd know how long they've been a tyranny.
I was actually wondering it as I typed that line…is living like cattle just part of their culture…? Going back to tribal days, the strongest dictated way of life. That was replaced with the monarchies as history moves forward. Then governments. I’d always viewed the government through the American lenses, but that might bf’s too narrow a view…
Richard I ("The Lionhearted") taxed the pants off England and his holdings in western France to fund a crusade against the Muslims. And by tax I mean a 25% tax on all movable property. You own 4 cows? The government's stealing one at swordpoint. He then sailed to the continent, landed so his troops could rape and pillage his own (Christian) territories. Then he sailed to Cyprus. The (Christian) Cypriots tried to steal his woman, so Richard I conquered Christian Cyprus as his first conquest of his crusade against Islam. He then sold Cyprus to the Knights Templar for a sizeable sum (I want to say it was 100,000 silver bezants).
Meanwhile back home, his brother King John (or Robin Hood fame) proceeded to stab him in the back, raise taxes even more, and fritter it away on jewels and starting losing battles with the French. King John had quite a tax racket. E.g. if your husband died, he'd forcibly remarry the widow to whomever he wanted unless you ponied up thousands of pounds sterling (back when a pound was something like a year's income for a laborer). King John appointed a massive number of foreigners as sheriffs (probably "shire reeves" in the language of the time) to collect his bewildering array of taxes on pretty much everything. These sheriffs werent like modern tax agencies who generally enforce a predefined set of tax rules that are generally predictable and stable from year to year. Their taxes were almost entirely ad hoc. E.g. if a noble died, it wasn't "the inheritance tax is X% for assets above £Y with Z exclusions" like we have today. It was "The tax is £FuckYou, a staggering number King John I or his foreign tax sheriff pulled out of his ass five minutes ago"
Eventually the barons got so sick of King John's tyranny that they "aided" him in signing the Magna Carta at swordpoint because even being a wealthy noble sucked under his tyranny. It was worse for commoners.
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