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Flash storage has many obvious advantages:

  • zero random access latency
  • portability and robustness
  • highest speed possible
  • most diverse form factors and sizes possible (ranging from MicroSD to RAID SSD)

But flash storage's weakness is data retention, and flash storage with higher density (e.g. multi-layer cell technology, 128 GB on a MicroSD card, thus physically very small sectors) because of the way flash storage works: storing electrical charges using transistors.

These extremely small transistors in flash storage lose their electrical charge over time, which is recoverable to some degree thanks to error correction code of each sector that the storage controller of the flash storage handles on the next read of the sector by refreshing the electrical charge. Some flash storage (and I guess pretty much all SSD's, but rarely SD cards) also do that automatically when idle (plugged in but not in use).

But I already have occasionally lost data years ago because I relied a little too much on flash storage and created backups too little aggressively.

Also, flash storage is the most vulnerable in case of power surges and faulty adapters (e.g. SD-to-USB adapters, USB hubs), where failed write accesses could lead to file system header corruption.

Flash storage has the best portability, is a very practical way of file transportation and maybe for redundant backups, but should better not be solely relied upon.

Also read:

Flash storage has many obvious advantages: * zero random access latency * portability and robustness * highest speed possible * most diverse form factors and sizes possible (ranging from MicroSD to RAID SSD) But flash storage's weakness is data retention, and flash storage with higher density (e.g. *multi-layer cell* technology, 128 GB on a MicroSD card, thus physically very small sectors) because of the way flash storage works: storing electrical charges using transistors. These extremely small transistors in flash storage lose their electrical charge over time, which is recoverable to some degree thanks to error correction code of each sector that the storage controller of the flash storage handles on the next read of the sector by refreshing the electrical charge. Some flash storage (and I guess pretty much all SSD's, but rarely SD cards) also do that automatically when idle (plugged in but not in use). But I already have occasionally lost data years ago because I relied a little too much on flash storage and created backups too little aggressively. Also, flash storage is the most vulnerable in case of power surges and faulty adapters (e.g. SD-to-USB adapters, USB hubs), where failed write accesses could lead to file system header corruption. ---- Flash storage has the best portability, is a very practical way of file transportation and maybe for **redundant** backups, but should better not be **solely** relied upon. Also read: [Optical media is heavily underrated — little known advantages.](https://poal.co/s/TellPoal/148944)

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Overcurrent protection will shut the voltage rail off if it detects too much current being drawn from the device. This is to protect the regulators from damage. USB ports usually have something similar, they will shut down power if too much is drawn from the port. It just shuts the device off and you usually have to power cycle to reset it. If you have this happen often, you've undersized your supply or it's old, dirty, overheating, or a combination of the three.

The voltage input of a power supply is able to tolerate quite a bit of fluctuation, 100-240VAC is not uncommon these days. If you're in the USA then you're probably never going to see >140VAC on your normal household line. The power supply doesn't give a shit, modern switchers are tolerant by design. It's really high voltage, like lightning, that will still do them in.

A UPS protects from brownouts (<100VAC) or complete failures, and is merely designed to give you some time to shut down safely. Not all UPSes are the same, some provide clean power from the batteries (the output is always run on the inverter,) some just try to switch and hope for the best.