Your window manager can't deal with one of the libraries it needs, so it dies and kicks you back to the login prompt because your wm is also your X session manager ( last program invoked by your login scripts ).
If you can change your window manager from your KDE config you can get things fixed up from an X environment. Otherwise you have to work it out from the text console or terminal. twm has been included with X forever. It is like driving a '74 pinto with no foam cushions in the seats. And no doors. It will do the job if X is required. Don't ask me how to use it xD it has been decades.
I would bet your system is mostly okay with this error happening when you get to KDE in runlevel 5.
Try ldd on those .so libraries. You may need to manually set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to some dependencies to get you through the night.
I installed the xfce desktop environment package group and tried logging in with that session, but I get the same thing: black screen with mouse cursor for a few secs then back to the login.
/var/log/messages isn't being particularly helpful either. Just for shits and giggles I ran a "dnf reinstall -y '*'" so we'll see how that goes...
X may have its own log apart from messages.
Turned out it was hardware failure. Linux is pretty tolerant to a point. When I tried to install Windows however (for work and on a separate brand new HDD) the installer just wouldn't finish. It would fail at different points every time.
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