Professor Martin Pall from Washington State University, who specializes in chronic fatigue syndrome, multiple chemical sensitivity, and the effects of low-intensity microwave frequency electromagnetic fields on the human body, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RIskTMLV40 summarized the biological effects as follows: Forty neuropsychiatric effects, including changes in brain structure, brain function, psychological responses, and behavior. Eight hormonal effects, including hyperthyroidism and pituitary dysfunction. Cardiac effects, including decreased heart activity and changes in heart rhythm. Chromosome breaks and changes to chromosome structure. Histological changes to the testes. Cell death, an important process in neurodegenerative diseases. Other biological effects included changes to metabolism and digestion. The Bioinitiative Report The Bioinitiative Report, coauthored by Dr. David Carpenter, professor of environmental health sciences at the University at Albany’s School of Public Health, investigated the correlation between EMFs and health. It found that adverse biological reactions can be triggered even at levels far below the industry standards of maximum body exposure, set at 1.6 watts per kilogram (pdf). The current standard is based on the assumption that microwave radiation affects the body solely through heat, disregarding its nonthermal effects. However, exposure to nonthermal EMF radiation at a chronic level of 0.00034 microwatts through mobile phones has been linked to a significant reduction in sperm count. Microwatts represent a millionth of a watt. Furthermore, children and adolescents exposed to 0.02 microwatts for a short period reported symptoms like headaches, irritation, and difficulties with concentration in school, according to the report. “There is really no level that you could say with absolute confidence that it was safe for everybody,” Dr. Carpenter told The Epoch Times. He added that setting a standard with no biological effects is unrealistic given the rapid growth in wireless technology use since the report’s publication in 2007, leading to increased microwave radiation exposure for individuals. While the report faced scrutiny for its lack of peer review, all of its included studies were subject to peer review.