>The yamnaya took over central europe ppl think around 3000 bc. They replaced roughly half the DNA in the region. >Sumer is dated to around 4900-1800bc. Oh interesting, that's more of an overlap than I realised. Still, it does make it difficult for blue eyed white skinned aryans to be the founding dynasty of sumer. I am aware the founders of sumerian civilisation came from abroad, but they're recorded as coming from the south, which would also make it tricky for aryans to fit into the picture. >Given that their own statues show all their kings as having blue eyes, I would say it's almost certain they did and anyone making a claim they did not needs to provide substantial evidence that the sumerians themselves were wrong before we accept it I disagree, stylised art conventions are a thing, like pharoes being depicted with golden skin. Here's another possibility though: We know that before the yamna the early european farmers expanded into europe from anatolia. Maybe originally that group came from the fertile crescent and the same people who gave blue eyes to the kings of sumer also ultimately gave them to the aryans.