Depends what triggers the depression. One's lack of success at attaining their goals (women, money, status, sobriety, career). A little success and the depression is gone. The death of a child, close family member or friend - a sense of profound shock and permanent loss, of being stuck in time, and there is not a damned thing that will bring them back - time, emotional support can help heal emotional wounds so the person can move on. Health - (Brain chemical imbalance, stroke, heart attack, terminal illness, male impotence...) - see a doctor.
Rage turned inward sounds like a reaction to futility, a sense of inadequacy and a perceived personal failure. Someone so disgusted with events impacting their lives that are found to be out of their control, leading to them becoming depressed/discouraged/hopeless. Someone who has worked their butt off to succeed but gets laid off anyway. Someone with skills but can't seem to find a job. A parent disrespected by their child no matter how the parent tries to remedy it.
Depression can come in many flavors.
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