Read the state ratification statements. Each state legislature summarized their reasons. Here's one from New York...
https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/ratny.asp
Rhode Island...
https://teachingamericanhistory.org/document/rhode-islands-ratification/
Virginia...
https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/ratva.asp
Internet search the rest. BTW, some of these have stronger pro-gun statements than the 2nd amendment. It's pretty clear what the 2a means when you read these.
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