You need to practice deep thought. It's a skill.
Most people I know can't get "in the zone" and focus on one thing intensely. This is a place where you are focused and at your best. You're supposed to start by practicing getting in that place and focusing on ONE THING for 10-20 minutes at a time before rewarding yourself with a break. As you go, you want to train to be able to do it for a few hours if needed.
Don't have drugs get you in that zone, learn to manually flick it on and off yourself. It takes work and effort, but totally worth it. You're more productive, time flies by fast when you work in the zone, and you feel more fulfilled.
Having problems you haven't worked out and addictions to distract make it hard to focus on things. Get the problems worked out and face addictions. Trying to focus and getting to the bottom of what distracts you is a way to figure out these things.
Also if you can't focus on something, maybe it's not something worth focusing on.
And yeah, drugs of any kind shouldn't be habitual.
A big part of it is learning to engage yourself in things you aren't interested in.
Kids are supposed to be taught these skills while growing up (homework, chores, hobbies, etc). However, most just sit around playing videogames and social media so they struggle to pay attention to anything for more than 6 seconds at a time.
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