All you've achieved explaining is that you don't know that EMF is another (antiquated) word for voltage. I think you think it stands for electromagnetic frequencies maybe? It really stands for electromotive force. But part of the reason it's antiquated is because it's a poor name, because it's not a force, but a potential. For one to emit electromagnetic radiation at a given frequency (one doesn't emit electromagnetic frequencies like you describe, it's EM *at* a given frequency) one has to generate a field, and propagate it to the transmit medium (free space) by impedance matching. That's 377 ohms, and just for your own edification, is defined by the square root of the permeability (4*pi x 10^-7 H/m in SI units in free space) of the medium divided by the square root of the permittivity (8.85 x 10^-12 F/m in SI in free space) of the medium. The velocity of propagation is the inverse of the square root of the product of the permittivity times the permeability. The "ripples" you describe are from the medium (free space) interacting with magnetic component of the EM field and the permeability, and the electric component of the EM field with the permittivity. The larger the relative permittivity or permeability, the shorter the wavelength or "ripple" as you call it. This is how lenses work by the way, a shortening of wavelength coupled with the shape of the medium that shortens the wavelength. You can observe this with a prism and it's different effect on light of different wavelengths (that's why they spread out into a rainbow). Note you don't need a "ripple" at all, or more precisely you can have the wavelength of the ripple become infinitely long. That is DC and it isn't really electromagnets, it's electrostatics because EM fields are coupled through the *change* in one another (see Maxwell's equations) and if unchanging, they are uncoupled. Note you mentioned traveling waves (although I doubt your realize it) but remember that's assuming the solution to the second order PDE describing the system is unbounded. If bounded you get standing waves (hence why I said earlier to broadcast you must match impedance which really means remove an impedance boundary). If the PDE is bounded by material with a different permittivity and or permeability, some of traveling wave will continue into the new medium, some will reflect and it's represented by a standing wave solution. Note that a portion will also continue into the new medium not as a traveling wave, but as an exponentially decaying wave. Finally, with all these media we've been talking about a non lossy impedance. If either the relative permittivity or permeability has an imaginary component, that translates to a resistive real component in the impedance, and the wave in the medium will decay due to energy loss to the medium (because it has either electric or magnetic conductivity). Also note there are no real magnetic charger carriers, but we can still talk about magnetic conductivity due to how media interacts with a magnetic field. Am I managing to explain I know a lot more about this than you? I can go on...