The House’s role in Impeachment is similar to that of a grand jury. They hear the evidence presented by prosecutors and then vote whether to pass along the articles of impeachment to the Senate for the approximation of a “criminal trial” whereby the full case is then heard and argued.
The Senate trial is where both sides argue their case and it’s put to a vote. The vote for conviction requires a 2/3 majority.
It’s a simple legal process, and it’s all outlined in Article I, Section 3 of the US Constitution. Nothing magical or mystical or even esoteric.
Technically, anybody can be impeached for any reason. Just like anyone can be indicted for any reason. While impeachment and indictment may have certain social stigmas attached to them, there is no legal penalty in either situation. Upon trial and exoneration, both are free to continue as usual, at least from a legal perspective.
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